Definition
A structure where employees report to multiple managers across different dimensions (functional and project, for example), creating a web of accountability so complex that no one is actually accountable for anything.
Example Usage
In our matrix organization, I report to both the Director of Engineering and three different product managers simultaneously.
Origin
Developed in the aerospace industry in the 1960s, notably at NASA during the Apollo program.
Fun Fact
Matrix organizations were designed to maximize flexibility and resource utilization, but mostly maximize the number of meetings required to make any decision.
Source: Organizational design and management theory
Related Terms
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